Gushyushya uburyo bwo gutunganya ibyuma bihanitse cyane

Inzira
Kuzimya Vacuum kuzimya itanura rigabanijwemo ubwoko bubiri ukurikije uburyo bwo gukonjesha: kuzimya amavuta no kuzimya gaze, kandi bigabanijwemo icyumba kimwe nubwoko bubiri ukurikije umubare wa sitasiyo.Itanura rya 904 Umusozi / Weidao ni itanura ryigihe.Amatanura yo kuzimya amavuta ya vacuum ni chambre ebyiri, hamwe nibikoresho byo gushyushya amashanyarazi byashyizwe mubyumba byinyuma hamwe na peteroli iri munsi yicyumba cyimbere.Igice cyakazi kimaze gushyuha no gukingirwa, cyimurirwa mucyumba cyimbere.Nyuma yo gufunga umuryango wo hagati, gaze ya inert yuzuzwa mucyumba cyimbere kugeza kuri 2,66% inshuro 26;LO ~ 1.01% inshuro 26;10 Pa (200-760mm inkingi ya mercure), ongeramo amavuta.Kuzimya amavuta birashobora gutuma byoroshye kwangirika kwakazi.Bitewe nubuso bwacyo bwo hejuru, carburisiyasi yoroheje irashobora kugaragara mugikorwa cya firime ngufi yubushyuhe bwo hejuru.Byongeye kandi, gufatira karubone yumukara hamwe namavuta hejuru ntabwo bifasha koroshya inzira yo gutunganya ubushyuhe.Iterambere rya tekinoroji yo kuzimya vacuum ahanini rishingiye mugutezimbere itanura rya gaz ikonje hamwe nibikorwa byiza hamwe na sitasiyo imwe.Itanura rya chambre ebyiri zavuzwe haruguru rirashobora kandi gukoreshwa mu kuzimya gaze (gukonjesha indege ikonje mu cyumba cyimbere), ariko imikorere yubwoko bubiri bwa sitasiyo ituma bigora kubyara ibicuruzwa byinshi bipakira, kandi biroroshye no gutera igice cyakazi Guhindura cyangwa guhindura icyerekezo cyibikorwa kugirango wongere kuzimya kuzimya mugihe cy'ubushyuhe bwo hejuru.Itanura imwe ikonjesha ikirere ikonjesha ikonjeshwa no gukonjesha indege mucyumba cyo gushyushya nyuma yo gushyushya no kuzuza.Umuvuduko ukonje wo gukonjesha ikirere ntabwo wihuta nkuwakonje amavuta, kandi nanone uri munsi ya isotherm hamwe no kuzimya buhoro buhoro umunyu ushongeshejwe muburyo gakondo bwo kuzimya.Kubwibyo, guhora wongera umuvuduko wicyumba gikonjesha spray, kongera umuvuduko wogutemba, no gukoresha gaze ya inert helium na hydrogène hamwe na misa ya Molar ntoya kuruta azote na argon nibyo byingenzi byiterambere ryiterambere rya tekinoroji yo kuzimya icyuho muri iki gihe.Mu mpera z'imyaka ya za 70, umuvuduko wo gukonjesha azote wariyongereye kuva (1-2)% 26 inshuro;Ongera 10Pa kugeza (5-6)% 26 inshuro;10Pa, gukora ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha hafi yo gukonjesha amavuta munsi yumuvuduko usanzwe.Hagati ya za 1980, kuzimya gaze ya ultra-high-high byagaragaye, ukoresheje (10-20)% 26times;Helium kuri 10Pa, ifite ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha bingana cyangwa hejuru gato yo kuzimya amavuta, yinjiye mubikorwa byinganda.Mu ntangiriro ya za 90, 40% 26times yemejwe;Gazi ya hydrogène 10Pa, yegereye ubushobozi bwo gukonjesha amazi yo kuzimya, iracyari mu ntangiriro zayo.Ibihugu byateye imbere mu nganda byateye imbere ku muvuduko mwinshi (5-6)% 26 inshuro;10. Kuzimya gazi nigice cyingenzi, mugihe isano iri hagati yumuvuduko wumuyaga (agaciro ka theoretical) nubushyuhe bwibyuma bimwe na bimwe byakorewe mubushinwa biracyari mubyiciro byo kuzimya igitutu rusange (2% 26times; 10Pa).

Igisubizo ni vacuum carburisation yo kuzimya inzira yo guta.Nyuma yo gushyushya ubushyuhe bwa carburizing muri vacuum no kuyifata kugirango isukure kandi ikorwe, hashyizweho gaze yoroheje ya karubizike (reba uburyo bwo kuvura ubushyuhe bwikirere bugenzurwa), kandi gucengera bikorwa kumuvuduko mubi wa 1330Pa (10T0rr).Noneho, gaze irahagarikwa (depressurized) kugirango ikwirakwizwe.Umuyoboro wibyuma wazimye nyuma ya carburisation ifata uburyo bwo kuzimya inshuro imwe, ibanza guca amashanyarazi, igatanga azote kugirango ikonje igihangano kugeza aho gikomeye A, munsi, igatera ihinduka ryimbere, hanyuma igahagarika gaze, igatangira pompe , kandi izamura ubushyuhe.