Imikorere ya mashini yaimiyoboro idafite ibyumani intego yingenzi yo kwemeza imikorere yanyuma (imikorere yubukanishi) yicyuma, biterwa nibigize imiti nibipimo byo gutunganya ubushyuhe bwibyuma.Mubisobanuro byumuyoboro wibyuma, imikorere ya tensile (imbaraga zingana, gutanga umusaruro cyangwa gutanga umusaruro, kurambura), gukomera hamwe nintego ziramba, kimwe nibikorwa byo hejuru kandi biri hasi yubushyuhe busabwa nabakoresha, bisobanurwa ukurikije ibisabwa bitandukanye.
Strength Imbaraga zingana (σb)
Imbaraga ntarengwa (Fb) yakiriwe nicyitegererezo mugihe cyimyitozo iruhuka kuruhuka, igabanijwe ningutu zabonetse mugabanye igice cyambere cyambukiranya igice (So) cyikigereranyo (σ) , Yitwa imbaraga zingutu (σ b), muri N / mm2 (MPa).Irerekana ubushobozi ntarengwa bwibikoresho byibyuma byo kurwanya ibyangiritse ku mbaraga zikomeye.
Ingingo yo kuganduka (σs)
Guhangayikishwa nibintu byuma bifite ibintu bitanga umusaruro birashobora gukomeza kuramba nta kongeramo imbaraga (kubungabunga umutekano) mugihe cyo kurambura byitwa gutanga umusaruro.Niba hari igabanuka ryimbaraga, ingingo zo hejuru nizitanga umusaruro zigomba gutandukanywa.Igice cyo kubahiriza ni N / mm2 (MPa).
Ingingo yo hejuru ihindagurika (σ Su): Imihangayiko ntarengwa yicyitegererezo mbere yo kugabanuka kwambere kwingufu kubera gutanga;Igice cyo kugabana (σ SL): Guhangayikishwa byibura murwego rwo gutanga umusaruro mugihe ingaruka yambere ako kanya idasuzumwe.
Inzira yo kubara ingingo yo guhinduranya ni:
Muri formula: Fs - imbaraga zunama mugihe cyimyitozo yikigereranyo (gihamye), N (Newton) Rero - umwimerere wambukiranya igice cyikigereranyo, mm2.
Kurambura nyuma yo kuvunika (σ)
Mubigeragezo bikaze, ijanisha ryuburebure ryongewe kuburebure bwa gipima cyurugero nyuma yo kumeneka ugereranije nuburebure bwambere bwitwa kwitwa kuramba.hamwe σ Yerekana ko igice ari%.Inzira yo kubara ni:
Muri formula: L1- gupima uburebure bw'icyitegererezo nyuma yo kuvunika, mm;L0- Uburebure bw'umwimerere bw'icyitegererezo, mm.
④Igipimo cyo kugabanya igice(Ψ)
Mu bushakashatsi bukabije, kugabanuka kwinshi mu gice cyambukiranya igice ku gipimo cya diametre yagabanutse nyuma yo kumeneka byitwa ijanisha ryagace kambere kambukiranya igice, bita igipimo cyo kugabanya ibice.hamwe naψ Yerekana ko igice ari%.Inzira yo kubara niyi ikurikira:
Muri formula: S0- Umwimerere wambukiranya igice cyicyitegererezo, mm2;S1- Agace ntarengwa kambukiranya igice kuri diameter yagabanutse yikigereranyo nyuma yo kuvunika, mm2.
⑤Intego yo gukomera(HB)
Ubushobozi bwibikoresho byibyuma byo kurwanya umuvuduko wibintu bikomeye hejuru byitwa gukomera.Ukurikije uburyo butandukanye bwubushakashatsi hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa, ubukana burashobora kugabanywa mubice bikomeye bya Brinell, ubukana bwa Rockwell, ubukana bwa Vickers, ubukana bwa Shore, microhardness, hamwe nubushyuhe bwo hejuru.Hariho ubwoko butatu bukoreshwa cyane: Brinell, Rockwell, na Vickers gukomera.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-14-2023