Guhitamo, gutunganya, no gushiraho imiyoboro ya hydraulic

Hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga rya hydraulic, uburyo bwo guhitamo neza, gutunganya, no gutunganyaimiyoboro ya hydraulicgukora sisitemu ya hydraulic ikora cyane-ikoresha ingufu, yizewe, kandi ikagira igihe kirekire.

Introduction

Hamwe niterambere ryikoranabuhanga rya hydraulic, uburyo bwo guhitamo neza, gutunganya, no gutunganyaimiyoboro ya hydraulicgukora sisitemu ya hydraulic ikora cyane, ikoresha ingufu, yizewe, kandi ikagira igihe kirekire cyabaye ingingo yubushakashatsi kubashinzwe sisitemu ya hydraulic.Iyi ngingo ivuga ku guhitamo, gutunganya, no gushyiraho imiyoboro y'amazi ya hydraulic.

UmuyoboroSamatora

Guhitamo imiyoboro bigomba gushingira kumuvuduko wa sisitemu, umuvuduko wikigereranyo, nuburyo ibintu byakoreshejwe.Ni nkenerwa kwitondera niba imbaraga zumuyoboro zihagije, niba diameter ya pipe nubugari bwurukuta byujuje ibisabwa na sisitemu, kandi niba urukuta rwimbere rwumuyoboro wicyuma rwatoranijwe rugomba kuba rworoshye, rutarangwamo ingese, uruhu rwa oxyde, na izindi nenge.Niba ibintu bikurikira bigaragara ko bidakoreshwa: inkuta zimbere ninyuma zumuyoboro zarangiritse cyane;Ubujyakuzimu bwibishushanyo ku mubiri wa pipe birenze 10% byubugari bwurukuta;Ubuso bwumubiri wumuyoboro urasubirwamo hejuru ya 20% ya diameter;Uburebure bwurukuta rutaringaniye hamwe na ovality igaragara igice cyumuyoboro.Imiyoboro y'icyuma idakoreshwa muri rusange ikoreshwa mu kuvoma muri sisitemu yo hagati n’umuvuduko mwinshi, ikoreshwa cyane muri sisitemu ya hydraulic kubera ibyiza byayo nkimbaraga nyinshi, igiciro gito, no koroshya kugera kubusa.Sisitemu isanzwe ya hydraulic ikoresha imbeho ikonje ikonje ya karuboni ntoya idafite imiyoboro ingana na 10, 15, na 20, ishobora gusudirwa mu buryo bwizewe ku bikoresho bitandukanye bisanzwe mu gihe cyo kuvoma.Sisitemu ya hydraulic servo ikoresha imiyoboro isanzwe idafite ibyuma, irwanya ruswa, ifite imbere imbere ninyuma, kandi ifite ibipimo nyabyo, ariko ibiciro byayo biri hejuru.

Gutunganya imiyoboro

Gutunganya imiyoboro ikubiyemo ahanini gukata, kunama, gusudira, nibindi birimo.Ubwiza bwo gutunganya imiyoboro bugira ingaruka zikomeye kubipimo bya sisitemu y'imiyoboro kandi bifitanye isano n'imikorere yizewe ya sisitemu ya hydraulic.Kubwibyo, uburyo bwa siyansi kandi bushyize mu gaciro bugomba gukoreshwa kugirango harebwe uburyo bwiza bwo gutunganya.

1) Gukata imiyoboro

Imiyoboro ya sisitemu ya hydraulic ifite umurambararo uri munsi ya 50mm irashobora gucibwa ukoresheje imashini isya uruziga, mugihe imiyoboro ifite diameter iri hejuru ya 50mm muri rusange yaciwe hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa mashini, nkibikoresho byimashini kabuhariwe.Uburyo bwo gusudira intoki nuburyo bwo guca ogisijeni birabujijwe rwose, kandi kubona intoki biremewe mugihe ibintu byemewe.Isura yanyuma yumuyoboro waciwe igomba kubikwa perpendicular kumurongo wa axial bishoboka, kandi hejuru yo guca umuyoboro hagomba kuba hake kandi hatarimo burr, uruhu rwa oxyde, slag, nibindi.

2) Kunama imiyoboro

Inzira yo kugonda imiyoboro ikorwa neza kumashini zogosha imashini cyangwa hydraulic.Mubisanzwe, imiyoboro ifite umurambararo wa 38mm no munsi yayo iba ikonje.Gukoresha imashini yunama imiyoboro kugirango igoreke imiyoboro imbeho irashobora kwirinda kubyara uruhu rwa oxyde kandi bikagira ingaruka kumiterere yimiyoboro.Kunama bishyushye ntibyemewe mugihe cyo gukora imiyoboro igoramye, kandi ibyuma bifata imiyoboro nkinkokora zashyizweho kashe birashobora gukoreshwa nkibisimburwa, nko guhindura ibintu, kunanura inkuta zumuyoboro, kandi kubyara uruhu rwa okiside bikunze kugaragara mugihe cyo kunama bishyushye.Imiyoboro yunamye igomba gutekereza kuri radiyo yunamye.Iyo radiyo yunamye ari nto cyane, irashobora gutera guhangayikishwa cyane no kugabanya imbaraga zayo.Iradiyo yunamye ntigomba kuba munsi yinshuro 3 diameter.Umuvuduko ukabije wumuyoboro, niko radiyo yunamye igomba kuba nini.Elliptike yumuyoboro uhetamye nyuma yumusaruro ntigomba kurenga 8%, kandi gutandukana kwinguni yunamye ntigomba kurenga ± 1.5mm / m.

3) Kuzenguruka imiyoboro n'imiyoboro ya hydraulic bikorwa muri rusange mu ntambwe eshatu:

(1) Mbere yo gusudira umuyoboro, impera yumuyoboro igomba gutemwa.Iyo igikoni cyo gusudira ari gito cyane, birashobora gutuma urukuta rw'imiyoboro rudasudwa neza, bikavamo imbaraga zo gusudira zidahagije z'umuyoboro;Iyo groove ari nini cyane, irashobora kandi gutera inenge nko gucamo, gushiramo ibice, hamwe no gusudira kutaringaniye.Inguni ya groove igomba gukorwa hakurikijwe ubwoko bwo gusudira bukwiye ukurikije ibisabwa byigihugu.Imashini ya beveling igomba gukoreshwa mugutunganya neza.Uburyo bwo guca imashini nuburyo bwubukungu, bukora neza, bworoshye, kandi burashobora kwemeza ubwiza bwo gutunganya.Gukata ibiziga bisanzwe no gukata bizirindwa uko bishoboka.

(2) Guhitamo uburyo bwo gusudira ni ikintu cyingenzi cyubaka imiyoboro kandi kigomba guhabwa agaciro gakomeye.Kugeza ubu, intoki arc gusudira hamwe na argon arc gusudira birakoreshwa cyane.Muri byo, gusudira arcon arc birakwiriye gusudira hydraulic umuyoboro.Ifite ibyiza byuburyo bwiza bwo gusudira, ubwiza kandi bwiza bwo gusudira, nta shitingi yo gusudira, nta okiside ihuza imiyoboro, hamwe nubushobozi bwo gusudira cyane.Ubundi buryo bwo gusudira burashobora gutuma byoroshye gusudira byinjira mu muyoboro cyangwa kubyara urugero runini rwa oxyde kurukuta rwimbere rwurugingo rwo gusudira, bigoye kuwukuraho.Niba igihe cyo kubaka ari kigufi kandi hari bake basudira arcon arc, birashobora gufatwa nkugukoresha argon arc gusudira kumurongo umwe (inyuma) hamwe no gusudira amashanyarazi kumurongo wa kabiri, ntabwo byemeza ubuziranenge gusa ahubwo binatezimbere ubwubatsi.

(3) Nyuma yo gusudira imiyoboro, hagomba gukorwa igenzura ryiza rya weld.Ibintu byubugenzuzi birimo: niba hari ibisebe, ibishyizwemo, imyenge, kuruma cyane, kumenagura, nibindi bintu bikikije icyuma gisudira;Reba niba isaro ryo gusudira rifite isuku, niba hari aho ridahuye, niba imbere n’inyuma bigaragara, kandi niba hejuru yinyuma yangiritse cyangwa yacitse intege mugihe cyo gutunganya imbaraga zurukuta rwumuyoboro..

Gushiraho imiyoboro

Gushyira imiyoboro ya Hydraulic muri rusange bikorwa nyuma yo gushyiramo ibikoresho bihujwe hamwe nibice bya hydraulic.Mbere yo gushyira umuyoboro, birakenewe ko umenyera witonze gahunda yo kuvoma, gusobanura neza gahunda, gahunda, icyerekezo, hamwe nicyerekezo cya buri muyoboro, kumenya imyanya ya valve, ingingo, flanges, hamwe na clamp clamp, hanyuma ukabishyiraho akamenyetso.

1) Gushiraho ibyuma bifata imiyoboro

Isahani fatizo ya clamp ya pompe isanzwe isudwa muburyo butaziguye cyangwa binyuze mumutwe nkicyuma gifatanye kugeza ibice byubatswe, cyangwa bigashyirwaho ibyuma byo kwaguka kurukuta rwa beto cyangwa kuruhande.Intera iri hagati ya clamps igomba kuba ikwiye.Niba ari nto cyane, bizatera imyanda.Niba ari nini cyane, bizatera kunyeganyega.Ku nguni iburyo, hagomba kubaho clamp imwe imwe kuri buri ruhande.

2) Gushiraho imiyoboro

Amahame rusange yo gushyiraho imiyoboro ni:

.Intera runaka igomba kubungabungwa hagati yinkuta zibiri zibangikanye cyangwa zihuza;

(2) Imiyoboro minini ya diameter cyangwa imiyoboro yegereye uruhande rwimbere rwingoboka igomba gushyirwa imbere kugirango ishyirwe;

. diameter;

(4) Intera iri hagati yurukuta rwinyuma rwumuyoboro nuruhande rwibikoresho byegeranye byegeranye ntibigomba kuba munsi ya 10mm;Flanges cyangwa ihuriro ryumurongo umwe wimiyoboro igomba guhindagurika hejuru ya 100mm;Umwanya uhuriweho numuyoboro unyuze murukuta ugomba kuba byibura 0.8m uvuye kurukuta;

(5) Iyo ushyizeho itsinda ry'imiyoboro, uburyo bubiri bukoreshwa mubisanzwe: 90 ° na 45 °;

.Uburebure bw'umuyoboro bugomba kwemeza gusenya no guteranya kubuntu hamwe nibindi bikoresho bitabangamiye indi miyoboro;

.Umuyoboro ntushobora gusudira ku buryo butaziguye;

(8) Mugihe cyo guhagarika kwishyiriraho imiyoboro, imiyoboro yose yimiyoboro igomba gufungwa rwose.Mugihe cyo gushyiramo Amazi, ntihazaba umucanga, igipimo cya oxyde, ibyuma bisakara hamwe nundi mwanda winjira mumuyoboro;Ntukureho uburyo bwo kurinda imiyoboro yose mbere yo kuyishyiraho, kuko ishobora kwanduza umuyoboro.

Umwanzuro

Sisitemu ya hydraulic igizwe nibice bitandukanye bya hydraulic bihujwe kama binyuze mumiyoboro, guhuza imiyoboro, hamwe na bisi ya peteroli.Hariho imiyoboro myinshi ihuza ibyuma bikoreshwa muri sisitemu ya hydraulic.Iyo miyoboro imaze kwangirika no kumeneka, irashobora kwanduza ibidukikije byoroshye, bikagira ingaruka kumikorere isanzwe ya sisitemu, ndetse bikabangamira umutekano.Guhitamo, gutunganya, no gushyiramo imiyoboro ya hydraulic ni intambwe yingenzi cyane muguhindura ibikoresho bya hydraulic.Kumenya uburyo bukwiye bizagira akamaro kumikorere ihamye ya sisitemu ya hydraulic.