Inzira yo gushyushya, gufata, no gukonjesha icyuma muburyo bukomeye kugirango utezimbere cyangwa uhindure imiterere na microstructure byitwa kuvura ubushyuhe.Ukurikije intego zitandukanye zo kuvura ubushyuhe, hariho uburyo butandukanye bwo kuvura ubushyuhe, bushobora kugabanywa cyane muburyo bukurikira:
(1)Annealing.Kurugero, mugihe ibyuma bishyushye kuri ubu bushyuhe, pearlite izahinduka austenite.Noneho gumana ubushyuhe mugihe runaka, hanyuma ukonje buhoro buhoro (mubisanzwe hamwe no gukonjesha itanura) kugeza bisohotse mubushyuhe bwicyumba.Iyi nzira yose yitwa kuvura annealing.Intego ya annealing ni ugukuraho imihangayiko yimbere iterwa mugihe cyakazi gishyushye, guhuza microstructure yicyuma (kugirango ubone imiterere igereranijwe), kunoza imiterere yubukanishi (nko kugabanya ubukana, kongera plastike, gukomera, nimbaraga), no kunoza gukata imikorere.Ukurikije inzira ya annealing, irashobora kugabanwa muburyo butandukanye bwa annealing nka annealing isanzwe, annealing kabiri, diffusion annealing, isothermal annealing, spheroidizing annealing, rerystallisation annealing, annealing yuzuye, annealing yuzuye, annealing ituzuye, nibindi.
(2)Kubisanzwe: Mu itanura ritunganya ubushyuhe, icyuma gishyuha ku gipimo runaka cyo gushyushya kugera kuri 200-600 ℃ hejuru yubushyuhe bukabije, ku buryo microstructure yahinduwe rwose austenite imwe (urugero, kuri ubu bushyuhe, ferrite ihinduka rwose muri austenite mubyuma, cyangwa cimentite ya kabiri irashonga burundu muri austenite), ikabikwa mugihe runaka, Hanyuma igashyirwa mukirere kugirango ikonje karemano (harimo gukonjesha gukonjesha, gutondekanya gukonjesha bisanzwe, cyangwa ibice byihariye kubisanzwe gukonjesha mu kirere gituje), kandi inzira yose yitwa bisanzwe.Ubusanzwe nuburyo bwihariye bwa annealing, kubera, bitewe nigipimo cyacyo cyo gukonjesha byihuse kuruta annealing, gishobora kubona ibinyampeke byiza na microstructure imwe, kunoza imbaraga nubukomezi bwicyuma, kandi bifite imiterere myiza yubukanishi.
.Nyuma yo kuyifata mugihe runaka, irakonja vuba (uburyo bwo gukonjesha burimo amazi, amavuta, amazi yumunyu, amazi ya alkaline, nibindi) kugirango ubone imiterere ya martensitike, ishobora kuzamura cyane imbaraga, ubukana, no kwambara birwanya ibyuma .Gukonjesha byihuse mugihe cyo kuzimya biganisha ku guhinduka gukomeye kwimiterere itanga imihangayiko ikomeye imbere kandi ikongerera ubukana.Niyo mpamvu, birakenewe gukora ubushyuhe cyangwa gusaza mugihe gikwiye kugirango ubone imbaraga nyinshi hamwe nuburemere bukomeye.Mubisanzwe, kuzimya imiti yonyine ntibikoreshwa.Ukurikije ikintu n'intego yo kuzimya imiti, kuvura kuzimya birashobora kugabanywa muburyo butandukanye bwo kuzimya nko kuzimya bisanzwe, kuzimya byuzuye, kuzimya kutuzuye, kuzimya isothermal, kuzimya amanota, kuzimya cyane, kuzimya inshuro nyinshi, nibindi.
. icyuma hejuru yubushyuhe bukomeye, hanyuma ukonje vuba mbere yuko ubushyuhe bwinjira mubyuma imbere (ni ukuvuga kuzimya)
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-08-2023